- Accretionary prism
- Acicular crystals
- Acidic tuffs
- Agglomerates
- Allochthonous
- Alluvium
- Amorphous silica aggregates
- Andesite
- Aragonite
- Arcuate
- Arenaceous rocks
- Argillaceous rocks
- Assemblage zone
- Autochthonous
- Band plane
- Banded fortification sheaths
- Banded structure
- Basal complex
- Bed
- Bedding
- Bedrock
- Benthic
- Benthos
- Bioclastic
- Biocoenosis
- Biofacies
- Biozone
- Bone bed
- Bone breccia
- Botryoidal
- Boulder
- Boulder clay
- Box crab
- Box-stones
- Brazil Law Twins quartz
- Brazil Twinning Experiments
- Breccia
- Brickearth
- Calcite
- Caledonian Orogeny
- Callianassid
- Cap rock
- Carapace
- Carbonaceous layer
- Carbonates
- Carbonisation
- Caribbean plate
- Cast
- Cement
- Chalcedony
- Chalcedony amygdule
- Chalk
- Channelized volcaniclastic
- Chelae
- Cheliped
- Chert
- Chlorite
- Chloritization
- Clastic rocks
- Clay
- Coal
- Cobble
- Coccoliths
- Cold seep
- Compaction
- Conchoidal
- Concretions
- Condensation reaction
- Cone-in-cone structure
- Conformable
- Conglomerates
- Connate waters
- Consolidation
- Contact metamorphism
- Cross-bedding
- Dacite
- Dactylus
- Deformation
- Derived fossil
- Desiccation cracks
- Diagenesis
- Diapiric melange
- Diapirism
- Differential erosion
- Diffraction
- Diffusion
- Dimorphism
- Dip slope
- Dogger
- Dolomitisation
- Drift
- Dripstone
- Dynomenid
- Echelon diffraction grating
- Electric dipole nature
- Epifauna
- Erratic
- Eutaxitic texture
- Evaporite
- Exfoliation
- Exposure
- Fault
- Faunizone zone
- Feldspars
- Fixed finger
- Flint
- Flow banding
- Fold
- Folding
- Foraminifera
- Fore reef
- Forearc basin
- Fortification band
- Fortification segments
- Fracture
- Gastrolith
- Geochronology
- Geode
- Geothermal gradient
- Globigerina
- Grainstone
- Granular texture
- Gravel
- Gravity anomaly
- Greywacke
- Groundmass
- Hemipelagic
- Hermatypic
- Hermit crab
- Holotype
- Horizon
- Ignimbrite
- In situ
- Inclusion
- Inclusions in an agate
- Index fossil
- Index of refraction
- Induration
- Inferior
- Inlier
- Interbedded
- Isochronous
- Jointing
- Karst
- Karst scenery
- Laminations
- Lapilli
- Latite
- Length-fast chalcedony
- Lias
- Liesegang banding
- Lignite
- Limestone
- Lithifaction
- Lithofacies
- Lithology
- Loess
- Marine band
- Marker bed
- Marl
- Mineral
- Mould
- Mountain Uplift Theory
- Mud diapirs
- Mud shrimp
- Mud volcanoes
- Nano-aggregate
- Nano-particle
- Nappe
- Net charge separation
- Nodule
- Non-equilibrium processes
- Non-equilibrium, small-scale chemical microenvironments
- Nucleation
- Nucleation, particularly heterogeneous nucleation
- Olistostrome
- Olistostromic blocks
- Oolite
- Oolith
- Ophiolites
- Orogenic activity
- Orogeny
- Outcrop
- Outlier
- Overburden
- Packet
- Packstone
- Palaeobathymetry
- Palaeoclimatology
- Palaeocurrent
- Palaeoecology
- Palaeogeography
- Palynology
- Patterned chalcedony
- Pebble
- Pelagic
- Permeability
- Petrifaction
- Phanerozoic
- Pheno-fibre quartz band
- Phenocryst
- Placer deposits
- Plagioclase
- Planktonic
- Plumes (agates)
- Porosity
- Portunid
- Preferred orientation
- Propodus
- Provinance
- Pudding stone
- Pyroclastic
- Radiolarians
- Raised beach
- Raninid
- Reef
- Remanié fossils
- Reservoir rock
- Residual deposit
- Residual magmatic fluids
- Rhyolite
- Rock mechanics
- Rotten stone
- Roundness
- Rutile
- Sagenitic sprays
- Sand
- Scree
- Sessile
- Shelf facies
- Silica monomers
- Silicic eruptions
- Siliciclastic
- Silicification
- Silicification
- Siliclastic
- Sillar
- Silt
- Slickensides
- Slickenslides
- Slump
- Source rock
- South American plate
- Step-like, crypto crystal-facets
- Stratigraphic nomenclature
- Stratigraphy
- Stratum
- Streak
- Striae
- Striations
- Subduction zone
- Syngenic
- Tectonostratigraphy
- Tension fissure
- Terrace
- Terrigenous sediments
- Test
- Till
- Trace fossils
- Turbidites
- Type locality
- Unconformity
- Undercutting
- Uniformitarinaism
- Unwelded tuff
- Varve
- Vein
- Volcanogenic strata
- Wall-banded agate
- Weathering
- Welded tuff
- Wind erosion
- Zone fossil